Advanced Health Assessment & Differential Diagnosis Module 1 Study Guide Graded A+

Examination and Findings: Skin Infants and Children {Ans: Inspection and palpation for -Expected color changes -Jaundice or hyperbilirubinemia -Defects signaling systemic conditions -Contour distortions -Skin creases indicating congenital abnormalities -Lesions indicating internal problems Pinch skin for test of turgor}Dermatoscope {Ans: A skin surface microscope that uses epiluminescence microscopy (ELM) to inspect pigmented skin lesions -May be used with or without oil applied to lesion -Observed lesion for appearance, surface, pigment pattern, border, and depigmentation Digital epiluminescence microscopy (DELM) is used to examine subsurface layers}Petechiae {Ans: Red-purple nonblanchable discoloration less than 0.5cm diameter Cause: -Intravascular defects -Infection}Nociception {Ans: -The transmission of pain impulses from the site of injury or tissue damage to the dorsal horn of the spinal cord and brain -Mediated by two specialized nerve fibers: -->Myelinated A-delta fibers (large): Carry sharp, well localized pain, which is quickly transmitted -->Unmyelinated C-polymodal fibers (small): Carry dull, burning, diffuse, and chronic pain, which is slowly transmitted}Koilonychia (Spoon Nails) {Ans: Central depression of the nail with lateral elevation of the nail plate}Feature of Dysplastic Moles {Ans: -Color: Mixture of tan, brown, black, and red/pink; moles on one person often do not look alike -Shape: Irregular borders may