Nutr 331: Units 1-8 (Midterm 1) Study Guide Questions And Correct Answers

Chemical compounds of phospholipids {Ans: ⅓ classes of lipids. Has a phosphorus containing acid in place of one of the fatty acids (similar to triglycerides). Attracts water soluble and fat soluble substances, thus facilitates passage of fats in and out of cell membrane. Act as emulsifiers in blood and fluids. Can be hydrolyzed by intestines to produce energy}Estimated Average Requirements (EARs) {Ans: are used by nutrition and health professionals to plan group diets (e.g., daycares, seniors' lodges) and for assessing the adequacy of a population's diet.}Describe processes of digestion, absorption, and transportation of dietary lipids {Ans: First, lipids are emulsified by bile and mixed with digestive juices so they are exposed to digestive enzymes. Micelles are created from broken down lipids and bile salts which cross the intestinal mucous. To enter bloodstream and lymph, lipids will form lipoprotein complexes for transport.}Adequate Intakes (AI) {Ans: designed to recommend intake levels for nutrients that do not have enough scientific evidence to conclude amounts that will cover 97-98% of the population. Examples are chromium and calcium}HDL {Ans: contains much protein. Carries cholesterol and phospholipids from peripheral back to liver. Helps remove excess cholesterol}Laboratory Tests {Ans: Detect a