Test 1: Patho Maryville Nurs 611 29 Correctly Answered Questions Latest Update

Free radical {Ans: An electrically uncharged atom(s) that has an unpaired electron. Having one electron that is unpaired makes the atom unstable so the atom either has to take an electron from another molecule or give one away}What populations are vulnerable to fluid volume deficit? {Ans: Infants: 75-80%TBW; baby Thompson? diarrhea and increased extracellular fluid Obese: fat is water repelling Elderly: decreased thirst sensation}Ethanol {Ans: Liver enzymes metabolize ethanol to acetaldehyde which causes hepatic cellular dysfunction. Peroxisomes help to detoxify ethanol. Without peroxisomes the ethanol is turned into fat in the liver (fatty liver)}What are the clinical manifestations of hypernatremia {Ans: confusion, convulsions, coma, cerebral hemorrhage}what triggers thirst {Ans: osmoreceptors are activated by increase in osmotic pressure of the plasma}Apoptosis {Ans: programmed death such as inflammation}