Pccn Master Questions Study Guide Rated A+

3. Endocrine {Ans: 3. Endocrine}Hematology {Ans: Hematology}Pt has epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, and rebound tenderness. What is the possible dx? What should you do? {Ans: Dx: acute pancreatitis What to do: 1L NS for fluid hydration In acute pancreatitis, goals are: rest pancreas, pain control, and fluid resuscitation d/t large third spacing in response to inflammatory mediators. (Thats why they are also at risk for ARDS)}A patient with hepatic failure demonstrates deterioration in handwriting and when asked on exam to hold his arm and hand out like a stop sign, involuntary flapping of the hand (asterixis) is observed. These symptoms are most likely due to: A. Intracranial hemorrhage. B. Sub clinical seizure. C. Alcohol withdrawal. D. Encephalopathy. {Ans: D. Encephalopathy. Encephalopathy is an anticipated complication of hepatic failure and is caused by high ammonia levels, which cause neurotoxicity. In failure, the liver loses its ability to normally metabolize and detoxify substances. Ammonia is produced by bacteria in the bowel and is a byproduct of protein metabolism. Normally, the liver metabolizes ammonia into urea for excretion. In liver failure, ammonia levels rise.}Which of the following are characteristics of diabetes insipidus (DI)? a. Low urine osmolality b. Increased