Pa Eor Exam Study Guide

Extrapyramidal side effects {Ans: Parkinsonism-masklike face, cogwheel rigidity, pill-rolling tremor; akathisia-restlessness and agitation; dystonia-sustained contraction of muscles of neck, tongue, eyes, diaphragm. • Occurs with high-potency traditional antipsychotics • Reversible • Occurs within days of starting med • Can be life threatening { eg, dystonia of the diaphragm causing asphyxiation)}Specific phobias criteria {Ans: I. Persistent excessive fear brought on by a specific situation or object. 2. Exposure to the situation brings about an immediate anxiety response. 3. Patient recognizes that the fear is excessive. 4. The situation is avoided when possible or tolerated with intense anxiety. 5. If person is under age 18, duration must be at least 6 months.}PTSD criteria {Ans: • Patient has experienced or witnessed a traumatic event ( eg, war, rape, or natural disaster). • The event was potentially harmful or fatal, and the initial reaction was intense fear or horror. • Persistent reexperiencing of the event ( eg, in dreams, flashbacks, recurrent recollections, or intense psychological distress to cues that relate to the traumatic event). • Avoidance of stimuli associated with the trauma ( eg, avoiding a location that will remind him or her of the event or having difficulty recalling details