Nr 507: Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm Study Guide Questions And Correct Answers

What are two common causes of hypovolemia {Ans: dehydration and hemorrhage}sliding filament theory {Ans: theory that actin filaments slide toward each other during muscle contraction, while the myosin filaments are still}Kidney Anatomy {Ans: renal artery renal vein cortex, medulla, renal pelvis ureter renal pyramid nephron}Stenosis of a heart valve, may result in what? {Ans: Narrowing of the heart valves means that blood moves with difficulty out of the heart. Results may include chest pain, edema in the feet or ankles, and irregular heartbeat. and hypertrophy}Wilms tumor {Ans: - Embryonal kidney tumor associated with defective tumor (WT) genes - Tumors are typically not clinically diagnosable until age 1-5 even though they are present at birth}What type of relationship does heart rate and stroke volume have? {Ans: inverse low HR = longer fill time = increase stroke volume high HR = lower fill time = lower stroke volume}Effect of hyperinflation of the alveolar {Ans: -expanded thorax and hypercapnia (retention of CO2) - respiratory acidosis}What are the two parts of the cardiac cycle? {Ans: diastole and systole}hemolytic anemia {Ans: premature destruction of RBCs}After air passes through the trachea where does it go? {Ans: