Nr507 / Nr 507 Midterm Exam (Latest 2024 / 2025): Advanced Pathophysiology - Chamberlain

Collecting duct {Ans: Reabsorption of H2o (ADH required) reabsorb or secret Na, K, H, Nh3 Urea reabsorbed in medulla Final concentration}Glomerulonephritis {Ans: The glomerular-capillaries can trap blood-borne Ab & Ag-Ab complexes - Causes: PRIMARY: infection, drugs, toxins, vascular disorders, ischemia, immunologic responses, free radicals. SECONDARY: DM, CHF, HIV, Lupus Triggering event (infection)- Ag-Ab complex formation & deposition in glomerulus- Activation of complement system & WBC infiltration- Glomerular injury & leakage- Proteinuria/hematuria- edema, increase creat, azotemia, oliguria OR after glomerular injury & leakage- Coagulation cascade activation & FIbrin deposition- Decreased capillary perfusion- decreased GFR- edema, increase creat, azotemia, oliguria}Tubular Secretion {Ans: - Movement of material (Urea, NH3, H, K, some Rx, Misc chem) FROM the bloodstream of the peritubular capillaries INTO the filtrate of the nephron tubule system}Renal blood flow {Ans: Renal artery- Afferent arteriole- Glomerulus- Efferent arteriole- Peritubular capillaries- Renal vein- IVC - 1200 mL per minute - 120-140 mL/minute Plasma enters bowman's capsule= GFR - 80% of plasma is not filtered and flows into efferent arterioles to peritubular capillaries and returns to circulation - Hydrostatic pressure of glomerular capillary beds facilitates filtration - Oncotic pressure of the peritubular capillary beds AND osmotic pressure in the