Wjec Criminology Unit 2 Study Guide Graded A+

How and why do laws on homosexuality vary between countries? {Ans: Legal in the UK since 1967. Illegal in countries such as Saudi Arabia, Iran, Yemen, Nigeria. Religion is a major reason for the difference.}How does Becker's theory relate to the overrepresentation of certain ethnic groups in the criminal justice system? {Ans: He suggests that police actions, influenced by stereotypes, contribute to the disproportionate incarceration of specific ethnic minority groups.}Criticism of right realist approach to crime {Ans: It ignores the wider structures of society, such as the increasing gap between rich and poor (relative deprivation).}How and why do laws on adultery vary between countries? {Ans: Adultery is legal in all European countries but illegal in many countries which operate Islamic law, e.g. Saudi Arabia, Pakistan. Reasons why laws vary: religion, status of women.}Statute {Ans: An Act of Parliament}What is the main idea of functionalist theories of crime according to Durkheim? {Ans: Crime is an inevitable part of healthy societies}Diminished responsibility {Ans: Where a defendant shows that their mental condition substantially reduced their ability to understand that what they were doing is wrong.}How does Becker explain the labeling process in his theory? {Ans: