4100 Exam-1 Study Guide Unit 1: Complex Elimination (Renal)

4100 Exam-1 Study GuideUnit 1: Complex Elimination (Renal) Relevant Labs for Exam 1: Hemoglobin: Male: 14-18 Female: 12-16 Hematocrit: Male: 42-52% Female: 37-47% Prothrombin Time (PT): 11-12.5 seconds INR: 0.9-1.2 seconds PTT: 20-30 seconds Bilirubin: 0.3-1 mg/dL Ammonia: 15-110 mcg/dL Albumin 3.5-5 g/dL Protein: 6.4-8.3 g/dL Amylase: 56-190 IU/L Lipase: 0-110 IU/L Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP): 30-120 IU/L Aspartate aminotransferase (AST): 0-35 IU/L Alanine aminotransferase (ALT): 4-36 IU/L Bicarbonate HCO3: 22-28 mEq/L BUN: 10-20 mg/dL Creatinine: Males: 0.6-1.2 Females: 0.5-1.1End Stage Renal Failure CRRTESR patients: Permanent dialysis requirement Increase nitrogenous wastes uremia and will affect every system in the body and decrease function Uremia is a syndrome with anorexia, metallic taste in the mouth and metabolic abnormalities Uremia is a syndrome marked by elevated urea inthe blood associated w/ fluid, and metabolic abnormalities Can lead to peripheral neuropathy peripheral arterial disease Vomiting and diarrhea make uremic state worse Kidney functions: Regulation of inorganic ions Regulation of water balance and osmolality Excretion of nitrogenous wastes Excretion of foreign chemicals Regulation of pH and HCO3 Glucogenesis Etiology: Presence of HTN speeds progression ESRD (HTN is #1 cause!) Nephrons are working overtime and after a certain point the body cannot help and uncontrolled HTN