Study Guide 1. Logic: Argument (Premise, Conclusio

study guide1. Logic: Argument (premise, conclusion); deduction vs. induction; deductive validity and soundness; inductive strength and cogency.2. Reasoning Fallacies: False Dilemma, Appeal to Belief, Wishful Thinking, Equivocation, Hasty Generalization, Ad Hominem, Straw Man.3. Moral Theory: Consequentialist vs. Rule-Based Theories. Egoism: Psychological (Strong and Weak) Egoism (PE) vs. Ethical Egoism (EE).Utilitarianism: Principle of Utility; utilitarianism is an egalitarian theory; Hedonism; Nozick’s “Experience Machine” counterexample to Hedonism; Mill on higher and lower pleasures; the “Trolley Problem” objection to utilitarianism.Kantianism: Rationality; categorical vs. hypothetical imperatives; the Categorical Imperative (Formula of Universal Law); maxim; 5-step decision procedure; the “Lying Problem.” Be mindful of objections to each theory. Know how to apply each theory. Also, think about your own views on these issues: which moral theory do you favor and why?0