Nsg3023 Final Exam Study Guide/ Winter2018

NSG3023 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE/ Winter2018CHAPTER 181) Know the difference between, diffusion, osmosis, filtration and active transport ( TBQ#1) Osmosis: movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from acompartment of lower particle concentration to one that has a higher particleconcentration. Diffusion: a passive movement of electrolytes or other particles from an area ofhigher concentration to one of lower concentration. Filtration: The net effect of several forces that tend to move fluid across amembrane. Active Transport: The energy-requiring movement of electrolytes or othersubstances across cell membranes against a concentration gradient (from an areaof low concentration to one of higher concentration).A nurse is caring for a patient who is suffering from kidney failure and is receiving peritoneal dialysis. The nurse explains that peritoneal dialysis works by instilling a solution into the abdomen that contains dextrose that will pull extra fluid into the abdominal cavity. What is the name of this process?a. Diffusionb. Osmosisc. Filtrationd. Active transport2) Be able to describe and give rationale with examples of isotonic, hypertonic andhypotonic fluids (TB Q#2, #3)a. Isotonic: Fluids that have the same osmolality as normal blood. 0.9% sodiumchloride is an example of an isotonic solution. It expands the bodys extracellularfluid volume without causing water to