Nurs 251 -Module 4 Study Guide Pharmacology

Module 44.1: Introduction to EndocrinologyThe endocrine system , also referred to as the hormone system , is a series of glands located throughout the body that functions to maintain homeostasis . By modulating the release of chemical messengers (hormones), the endocrine systemis able to send signals to regulate organ functions . The endocrine system is unique in that it works through hormones that generally have a longer and slower onset and duration of action . There are actually eight endocrine glands throughout the body including: the pineal, pituitary, thyroid, thymus, adrenal, pancreas, ovary and testis. Each of theseglands releases a hormone into the body that is responsible for regulating growth, metabolism, or reproduction. This module will focus on select glands such as the pituitary gland, thyroid gland, and adrenal cortex and the pharmacologic options available when they fail to work properly.Physiology OverviewThe pituitary gland is sometimes called the master gland because it controls many of the other glands within the endocrine system. The pituitary gland is located in the region of the forebrain near the hypothalamus. Hormones released from the pituitary gland work by a negative feedback loop . This means the pituitary gland releases a hormone that signals an