Literature Review On Carbon Cycling And Ocean Primary Productivity

LITERATURE REVIEWby (Name)The Name of the Class (Course)Professor (Tutor)The Name of the School (University)The City and State where it is locatedThe DateCarbon Cycling and Ocean Primary ProductivityPrimary Ocean ProductivityPrimary productivity by which living organisms synthesize inorganic carbon forms into simple organic compounds (Raymont, 2014, 65). Ideally, most of the carbon on earth is in oxidized inorganic forms including carbonate (CO32-), bicarbonate (HCO3-) and carbon dioxide (CO2) (Thornton, 2012, 563). The chemical reduction of inorganic carbon forms organic molecules which are the building blocks of life and the energy storing mechanism in the living organisms. The energy used in the reduction of the inorganic carbon comes from light or energy in some reduced inorganic compounds. Primary producers (autotrophs) are the organism that for inorganic carbon through the process of photosynthesis or chemosynthesis (Raymont, 2014, 6). Photoautotrophs fix carbon using light energy while chemoautotrophs use the energy produced from the oxidation of the reduced inorganic substrates for carbon fixation.Photosynthesis and chemosynthesis both contribute to the primary production of the oceans. However, the most dominant carbon fixation process is the oxygenic photosynthesis (Thornton, 2012, 563). The process occurs