Pharmacology And Therapeutics For Dental Practice Mcqs Answer

Pharmacodynamics 1. The set of properties that characterize the effects of a drug on the body is called (A) Distribution (B) Permeation (C) Pharmacodynamics (D) Pharmacokinetics (E) Protonation Answer: C. Pharmacodynamics is the term given to drug actions on the body. Drug-Receptor Interaction 2. What does the term tachyphylaxis mean? (A) An increase in the rate of the response, for example, an increase of the rate of muscle concentration (B) Immediate hypersensitivity reactions (ie, anaphylaxis) (C) Prompt conformational changes of the receptor such that agonists, but not antagonists, are able to bind and cause a response (D) Quick and progressive rises in the intensity of drug response, with repeated administration, even when the doses are unchanged (E) Rapid development of tolerance to the drugs effects Answer: E. Tachyphylaxis is loosely defined as rapidly developing tolerance to the effects of a drug that is administered repeatedly, even if the dosages given after the first one are not changed or even progressively increased to overcome the phenomenon. It is sometimes also called desensitization or down-regulation of the receptor(s), but those phenomena do not explain all the mechanisms by which tachyphylaxis (or tolerance in general) occurs. The mechanism behind the development of tachyphylaxis