Nursing Research Methods - 50 MCQs with Answers1. The primary purpose of nursing research is to:A. Improve patient care and nursing practiceB. Increase hospital revenueC. Replace medical researchD. Reduce nursing staff workloadAnswer: A. Improve patient care and nursing practice2. The first step in the research process is:A. Data collectionB. Formulating a research problemC. Literature reviewD. Hypothesis testingAnswer: B. Formulating a research problem3. A tentative explanation that can be tested by research is called:A. TheoryB. HypothesisC. ConceptD. AssumptionAnswer: B. Hypothesis4. Which type of research is based on numerical data and statistical analysis?A. Qualitative researchB. Quantitative researchC. Historical researchD. Descriptive researchAnswer: B. Quantitative research5. Which research design studies the same group of people over a period of time?A. Cross-sectional studyB. Longitudinal studyC. Case-control studyD. Experimental studyAnswer: B. Longitudinal study6. Which type of sampling gives every subject an equal chance of being selected?A. Convenience samplingB. Purposive samplingC. Random samplingD. Snowball samplingAnswer: C. Random sampling7. A study that compares patients with a disease to those without the disease is called:A. Cohort studyB. Case-control studyC. Experimental studyD. Cross-sectional studyAnswer: B. Case-control study8. The variable that is manipulated in an experimental study is:A. Dependent variableB. Independent variableC. Confounding variableD. Extraneous variableAnswer: B. Independent variable9. The outcome