641e Midterm Study Guide Questions With Solutions 2024

Antibodies in newborns {Ans: -IgG passed to fetus through placenta in third trimester -colostrum and breastmilk contain IgA -passive immunity from mother -starts making own antibodies (IgM) 3-6 months after birth. There is a period when maternal antibodies are tapering off and newborn is only secreting minimal amounts of antibodies at about 3 months. -IgG levels start to rise again at around 1 year}pulmonary hypertension {Ans: -elevated pulmonary pressure resulting from an increase in pulmonary vascular resistance to blood flow through small arteries and arterioles. -increased afterload causes increase in RV size as contractility cannot overcome the resistance}atrial netriuretic peptide {Ans: acts acutely to reduce plasma volume by at least 3 mechanisms: increased renal excretion of salt and water, vasodilation, and increased vascular permeability.}cytochrome p450 inducer {Ans: An inducer increases the metabolism of a substrate resulting in a decreased level or effect of the substrate}Heparin (MOA) {Ans: -rapid anticoagulation by binding with antithrombin III and inhibits factors IXa, Xa, XIIa, and XIII -aPTT monitoring (low dose SQ does not require monitoring)}vertical transmission {Ans: when a parasite is transmitted from a parent to its offspring}