D236 Patho Study Guide 2024/2025

A patient presents to the clinic with a blood pressure of 178/92. When repeated 10 minutes later it's 176/96. The patient denies experiencing a headache, chest pain, or visual disturbances. What is the patient experiencing? {Ans: HTN stage 2 - The clients bp meets the criteria of systolic >140, diastolic >90}Kidney cancer {Ans: Renal cell carcinoma, arises from epithelial cells of urine tubules - occurs when cells in the kidney grow out of control, clump together, and form a malignant tumor - most common risk factor is smoking}True or false: Bone formation occurs throughout life in the remodeling process, and requires adequate calcium in the diet {Ans: True}Negative feedback loop of the endocrine system {Ans: when the build up of one molecule leads to the repression of the response that creates the molecule}Lymphedema {Ans: swelling due to an abnormal accumulation of lymph fluid within the tissues - caused by scar tissues from damaged lymph vessels or lymph nodes - often seen in patients who had their lymph nodes removed and had surgery or radiation to remove cancer}Hypocalcemia causes {Ans: hypoparathyroidism, malabsorption, pancreatitis, alkalosis, massive transfusion of citrated blood, renal failure, medications, vitamin D defeciency}