Microbiology Exam 1 With Correct Answers

What is pH, what is the range of the pH scale, and how does our body maintain our blood pH? {Ans: pH is the ratio of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions in a solution. pH ranges on a scale of 0 (really acidic) to 14 (really alkaline); most of life prefers a neutral pH of ~7}Focal infection {Ans: one in which the organisms are originally confined to one area}viremia {Ans: viruses in the blood}Plasmid {Ans: A small ring of DNA that carries accessory genes separate from those of the bacterial chromosome; usually these are special genes for traits like antibiotic resistance and reproduction}binomial nomenclature {Ans: A system for giving each organism a two-word scientific name that consists of the genus name followed by the species name}Flourance Nightingale {Ans: Founder of modern nursing; revolutionized how patients were treated by set the standard for cleaning the environment and washing hands frequently; demonstrated statistically that infectious disease was responsible for killing more soldiers than combat related deaths in the Crimean War}