Msn 570 Advanced Pathophysiology Final Exam Questions (112 Terms) With Verified Definitions Updated 2024

Signs and symptoms of bladder cancer {Ans: Painless hematuria that is gross (i.e., visible) or microscopic. The hematuria is intermittent and occurs throughout all of micturition as opposed to just the beginning. Irritative symptoms such as frequency, urgency, and dysuria may be present and occur due to detrusor overactivity, obstruction, or decrease in bladder capacity. Flank or abdominal pain (e.g., suprapubic) are usually signs of more advanced cancer. Other general symptoms such as fatigue, weight loss, or anorexia are also manifestations of more advanced disease. Physical examination findings may reveal the presence of a pelvic or abdominal mass (if advanced) and prostate induration.}Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) {Ans: inherited disease in which sacs of fluid called cysts develop in the kidneys}Platelets {Ans: cell fragments in the blood that are essential for blood clotting (coagulation)}Hypercalcemia {Ans: Excessive calcium in the blood. Symptoms: 50% asymptomatic -> renal (polyuria, thirst, stones, nephrocalcinosis/deposition of calcium crystals in kidney, may lead to renal failure), musculoskeletal (muscle weakness, rarely demineralization and subperiosteal bone resorption with bone cysts -> osteitis fibrosa cystica), neurological (psychiatric/neurological symptoms -> anxiety/depression/confusion/drowsiness), gastrointestinal (anorexia, constipation and ulcers}Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) Also called benign prostatic hypertrophy {Ans: A common,