Nsg 5003 Midterm Exam Advanced Pathophysiology

What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential to initiate an action potential?Question 1 options:Potassium gates open and potassium rushes into the cell, changing the membrane potential from negative to positiveSodium gates open and sodium rushes into the cell, changing the membrane potential from negative to positive.Sodium gates close, allowing potassium into the cell to change the membrane potential from positive to negative.Potassium gates close, allowing sodium into the cell to change the membrane potential from positive to negative.SaveQuestion 2 (5 points) What is a consequence of leakage of lysosomal enzymes during chemical injury?Question 2 options:Enzymatic digestion of the nucleus and nucleolus occurs, halting deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis.Influx of potassium ions into the mitochondria occurs, halting the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production.Edema of the Golgi body occurs, preventing the transport of proteins out of the cell.Shift of calcium out of the plasma membrane occurs, destroying the cytoskeleton.SaveQuestion 3 (5 points) In hypoxic injury, sodium enters the cell and causes swelling because:Question 3 options:The cell membrane permeability increases for sodium during periods of hypoxia.Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is insufficient to maintain the pump that keeps sodium out of the cell .The lactic acid produced by the hypoxia binds with sodium in