Indo-Europeans {Ans: 1500s BCE, migrating tribes from present-day Southeast Russia Some to Europe, Persia, India Many people there share some linguistic, cultural, and biological roots}Austronesian People {Ans: Originated from SE Asia, sophisticated maritime technology, double hulled canoes, agricultural expertise, arrived in New Guinea in 3000 BCE and established coastal settlements. Early as 2000 BCE, began to explore and settle islands of the Pacific Ocean}Ziggurat {Ans: Large pyramidal temples in Mesopotamia, sites of massive sacrifices so spirits protected kingdoms Proves ancient society was advanced enough to build intricate religious structures}Nile River {Ans: The river in which early kingdoms in Egypt were centered around.}Varna {Ans: Hindu word for caste}Israelites {Ans: 1300 BCE, Hebrews departed under the leadership of Moses and returned to Palestine, abandoned inherited tribal structure for Mesopotamian-style monarchy Entered into diplomatic/commercial relations of Mesopotamians, Egyptians, and Arabians}