Brain stem {Ans: control functions associated with survival, such as heart rate, breathing, swallowing, vomiting, urination, and orgasm.}How does top-down processing work? {Ans: Knowledge, expectations, or past experiences that shape the interpretation of sensory information}Basilar membrane {Ans: Runs through the center of the cochlea}Neurons {Ans: are powered by electrical impulses, and communicate with other nerve cells through chemical signals.}Gustation {Ans: the sense of taste}What is the difference between sympathetic and parasympathetic signals? {Ans: - Sympathetic signals - Prepares the body for action: fight or flight -Parasympathetic signals - returns the body to its resting state: Rest and digest}