Pharmacology Final Exam Questions With Correct Answers 2024

63. A patient is to begin taking phenytoin (Dilantin) for seizures. The patient tells the nurse that she is taking oral contraceptives. What will the nurse tell the patient? a. She may need to increase her dose of phenytoin while taking oral contraceptives. b. She should consider a different form of birth control while taking phenytoin. c. She should remain on oral contraceptives, because phenytoin causes birth defects. d. She should stop taking oral contraceptives, because they reduce the effectiveness of phenytoin. {Ans: b. She should consider a different form of birth control while taking phenytoin. *can decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives}112. A 50-year-old postmenopausal patient who has had a hysterectomy has moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms and is discussing estrogen therapy (ET) with the nurse. The patient is concerned about adverse effects of ET. The nurse will tell her that: a. an estrogen-progesterone product will reduce side effects. b. an intravaginal preparation may be best for her. c. side effects of ET are uncommon among women her age. d. transdermal preparations have fewer side effects. {Ans: d. transdermal preparations have fewer side effects. *Transdermal delivery bypasses the first-pass metabolism in the liver, reducing the risk of