Final. Exam. Please Study

1920 California Alien Land Law {Ans: Strengthened the 1913 law by closing loopholes. Prohibited leasing land and restricted the transfer of land to children born in the U.S. (who were citizens). Aimed to further limit the economic and social mobility of Asian immigrants in California.}Militarization of the Police {Ans: Increasing use of military tactics by law enforcement, leading to aggressive policing and concerns about civil liberties and community relations.}P.R. Lockhart {Ans: Discusses how public spaces are controlled along racial lines through practices like racial profiling, reinforcing systemic inequalities.}Ethnicity {Ans: A social group that shares a common and distinctive culture, religion, language, or the like.}Racism {Ans: Prejudice, discrimination, or antagonism directed against someone of a different race based on the belief that one's own race is superior.}Racial Formation {Ans: The sociohistorical process by which racial categories are created, inhabited, transformed, and destroyed.}