Which of the following is not suggested as a cause of fossilization? a. The learner is pressured to communicate ideas below her linguistic competence. b. Transferring language rules from the L1 to the L2, thereby causing confusion c. It can be the result of weak teaching and a poor learning environment. d. The learner's mind has reached subconscious conclusions that are difficult to unlearn. {Ans: a.}When teaching lexis to younger young learners, which of the following would be unwise: a. Use vocabulary which is concrete and relates to things they can see, feel, play with, and experience. b. Use repetition, rhyme, rhythm and movement. c. Use the same type of presentation to prevent them being distracted. d. Use realia they are familiar with. {Ans: c.}It's OK to teach grammar in isolation when teaching younger young learners. True or False? {Ans: False}Primarily, minimal responses help a younger young learner to: a. write correctly b. pronounce clearly c. listen carefully d. participate successfully {Ans: d.}Your key role is to help younger young learners to notice grammar. True or False? {Ans: True}Regarding the key learning principles relating to young learners, which of the following is incorrect: a. Variety