Psyc 375 Final Exam Questions Questions & Answers

Describe the role of Ernst Mach as an antecedent to Gestalt psychology? {Ans: postulated two perceptions that seem to be independent of the elements that compose it since a wide variety of sensory elements can give rise to the same perception: space form and time form}According to Sigmund Freud, what were the 2 main types of instincts? {Ans: 1) death instinct: The instinct that has death as its goal (sometimes called the death wish). E.g. suicide, aggression 2) life instinct: the instinct that has living as a goal}What was Ivan M. Sechenov's (1829-1905) concept of inhibition? {Ans: the reduction or cessation of activity caused by stimulation, such as when extinction causes a conditioned stimulus to inhibit a conditioned response which was the most important concept to Sechenov, leading him to believe that all human behaviour could be explained in terms of brain physiology. There can be a discrepancy between the intensity of a stimulus and the intensity of the response because sometimes a response is partially or completely inhabited and sometimes not so could explain all human behaviour as reflexive}Briefly describe the life and work of Martin Heidegger (1889-1976)? {Ans: Expanded Husserl's (his teacher's) phenomenology to