Study Guide |226 Questions| With Correct Answers.

Briefly explain how the following can affect plasma calcium levels a) vitamin D b) parathyroid hormone (PTH) {Ans: a) when it is hydroxylized, the process creates a compound elevating the absorption of phosphates and calcium by the intestines b) helps to move calcium from bones to the blood; elevates production of vitamin D derivative that in turn increases the rate of absorption of calcium by the intestines; PTH will no longer be released when serum calcium levels rise to a certain point}Briefly discuss the method of urine collection; two-hour postprandial {Ans: urine is collected two hours after a meal; often performed to measure levels of sugar}Describe the following a) macrocytes b) echinocytes c) keratocytes d) acanthocytes e) microcytes {Ans: a) rbc with a MCV greater than 100 fL; indicates certain kinds of anemia b) rbc with evenly-distributed spikes or bumps; may be caused by an elevaed number of platelets c) rbc with spiny extensions on the surface; possibly indicative of renal problems, ulcers, or liver disease d) rbc with irregularly-spaced spikes on the surface; possibly indicative of liver disease e) rbc with a MCV less than 80 fL; may indicate certain kinds of anemia or thalassemia}Briefly describe