Pathology Exam 1 Modules 1 3 | Que & Answ | Well Updated Review

Pulmonary Embolism {Ans: clot in pulmonary artery branch, obstructing flow, usually blood clot, air or fat most common is DVT}CNSIR Late Phase {Ans: to up CPP, SNS causes systemic vasoconstriction, up TPR->BP up cos BP=COxTPR Baroreceptors in AA sense up BP so PNS decreases HR ICP still up->brainstem compressed->irregular respirations Symptoms of Cushings triad}Cardiogenic Pulmonary Oedema {Ans: increased pressure in pulmonary circulation, due to heart failures of valve dysfunction reguritation, valve no close stenosis, valve not open fully, blood left in left side this increases hydrostatic pressure, fluid enters alveoli, ventilation DOWN, impaired gas diffusion get PEEP of vasodilators, to DOWN hydrostatic pressure}Adrenergic Receptors Explained (seperate to RAAS, receptors activated by adrenaline and noradrenaline) {Ans: Alpha 1 vasocontriction Beta 1 SA node, increased HR AV node, increased conduction velocity (result in contract.) stimulate renin release in kidney, start RAAS Beta 2 bronchodilation glycogenolysis and gluconeogensis}Beta-2 Agonists and asthma {Ans: inhaler (salbutamol) is a B2 agonist, activates B2 receptors like natural hormones do B2 receptors in lungs stimulate vasodilation also stabilises mast cells so reduces inflammation}Distributive Shock {Ans: Neurogenic - increased PNS stimulation, decreased SNS, due to CNS injury, hypoxia or medication Anaphylactic - allergen