Pathophysiology Exam 2 Blueprint(Latest Exam 2024)

What is the Monro-Kellie hypothesis? {Ans: The Monro-Kellie Doctrine describes the relationship between the contents of the cranium and intracranial pressure. In non-pathological states, three components exist in equilibrium to maintain normal intracranial pressure: brain tissue, blood, and CSF. Due to the fixed nature of the cranium, an increase in volume of any one of the intracranial components will also cause an increase in pressure. If the volume of one of the components within the cranium increases, the volume of a different component must decrease to maintain this equilibrium and sustain a normal ICP.}What is neuropathic pain caused by? What does it feel like? Where does it most commonly occur? {Ans: Caused by injury or malfunction of spinal cord and/or peripheral nerves. Described as "burning, tingling, shooting, pins-and-needles". Occurs at the level of or below the level of injury. Most often legs, back, feet, thighs, toes. Can occur in the upper body.}What are abnormal lab findings on a urinalysis? {Ans: }Give some examples of acute pain {Ans: Post-surgery Fracture MI Appendicitis}What are the clinical manifestations of MS? {Ans: Easily fatigued Difficulty with limb movements Vision disturbances Bladder incontinence Numbness Tingling sensation Muscle stiffness and spasms}Explain