kilocalorie (kcal) {Ans: the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water one degree Celsius - used interchangeably with capital C for calori}carbohydrates {Ans: -compound of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen -complex or simple forms found in sugars and starches -broken down into glucos (a source of energy for tissues and cells) - function: primary source of energy - sources: grains, vegetables, fruits, dairy products, and legums}essential nutrients {Ans: nutrients that are vital for sustaining our health -there are 45 of these}nutrient-dense foods {Ans: foods containing high amounts of vitamins and minerals that our bodies use as fuel}When considering one's health, five dimensions can be evaluated: physical health, intellectual health, emotional health, social health, and spiritual health. {Ans: physical health - body's ability to perform daily functions for survival intellectual health - the cognitive ability to learn and adapt emotional health - the ability to express or suppress emotion social health - ability to interact with others spiritual health - purpose for human existence, cultural practices}grains {Ans: 25% of your plate - half should be from whole grains}