Winship Hist 2111 Midterm Study Guide Questions And Correct Answers

What were characteristics of Calvinism and/or the Presbyterian Church? {Ans: Calvinists argue(d) the Bible commanded the Christian Church to be democratic (not based on a hierarchy as seen in Catholicism), that Christian icons were idolatry, and that the Pope was the antichrist. This theology was also convinced or predestination, a belief that whether one was bound for heaven or hell was predetermined by God regardless of personal action.}Why are the Protestant Reformation and Calvinism significant to English North America? {Ans: The Protestant Reformation sparked a period in England where the Crown flip-flopped between Catholicism and Protestantism until the reign of Elizabeth I in 1558 when she codified Protestantism as England's official denomination. This commitment to Protestantism empowered the Puritans, a sect of Presbyterians who wanted to rid England of all vestiges of Catholicism, to speak for reforms to the English Church. With most English people opposed, some separatist Puritans exiled themselves to North America.}Who was Thomas Paine? {Ans: A British immigrant to North America who wrote Common Sense, a pamphlet arguing Britain did not need a king and that an independent American republic can and would succeed. He effectively persuaded many colonists to support American forces.}Explain the