Ati Med-Surg Cardiovascular 60 Correctly Answered Questions Latest Update

Hemodynamic Monitoring Complications {Ans: infection/sepsis - surgical asepsis when changing dressing (mask, sterile globes, maintain sterile fiedl) embolism 0.9% sodium chloride for flushing (NO heparin)}Heart Failure Classes {Ans: Class I - no symptoms w/ activity Class II - symptoms with ordinary exertion Class III - symptoms with minimal exertion Class IV - symptoms at rest}Atrial Fibrillation {Ans: amiodarone adenosine verapamil synchronized cardioversion HIGH risk for clots!}Pulmonary Edema Medications {Ans: rapid-acting diuretics (furosemide, bumetanide) morphine vasodilators (nitroglycerin, sodium nitroprusside) inotropic agents (digoxin, dobutamine) antihypertensives (ACE inhibitors, B-blockers)}HF Medications {Ans: diuretics -- loop, thiazide, potassium-sparing watch for HYPOkalemia afterload-reducing agents -- ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor II blockers, calcium channel blockers, phosphodiesterase-3 inhibitors contradicted with RENAL deficiency ACE - angioedema, HYPERkalemia inotropic agents -- digoxin, dopamine, dobutamine, milrinone digoxin - apical pulse ONE minute, hold <60, NO antacids, toxicity: fatigue, muscle weakness, confusion, loss of appetite, HYPOkalemia can lead to toxicity beta-blockers -- carvedilol, metoprolol vasodilators -- nitroglycerine, isosorbide mononitrate may cause orthostatic hypotension headache is COMMON human B-type natriuretic peptides -- nesiritide anticoagulants -- warfarin monitor for bleeding, labs}Troponin I {Ans: <0.03 ng/mL elevation detectable after MI 3 hrs}MI Treatment {Ans: percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty