Summary Introduction To Political Science Part 1- Midterm (Readings And Lectures)

What are the two types of civil society "groups" and what are their differences? {Ans: Pressure Groups Formal organization with memberships, usually more direct influence (lobbying, contacts, etc.). Social Movement Network of networks, eg. climate movement, no formal membership.}What is multilateralism? {Ans: More than 2 states cooperating, usually mediated through international orgs. Principle of non-intervention (states are equal under international law and don't interfere in each other's domestic politics).}What is a catch-all party? {Ans: Origins 1970s Context Declining party membership, demise of loyalty. Post-materialist needs. Consequence Parties became broader to appeal to as many voters as possible. Shift of focus from members to voters. Public Involvement Weaker ideological ties, declining role of members. Public Proximity More removed}What types of policies are there and what do they mean? {Ans: · Regulative: Regulates behavior of actors in society (mask mandate, parental leave). · Distributive: Governments provide goods & services to their citizens (roads, water infra., etc.) · Redistributive: Like distributive but equitable (tax policy, health care, social security). · Constitutive: Enforce citizen's fundamental civil liberties or dictate how government organizes itself.}What is unilateralism? {Ans: Powerful states can just focus on themselves, not respecting other states.}What is subject