Nurs 6501-Advanced Pathophysiology Quiz 1 Exam Questions (135 Terms) With Verified Definitions Updated 2024

What is filtration? {Ans: the measurement of water and solutes through a membrane because of a greater pushing pressure.}Importance of proteins in disease {Ans: The major workhorses of the cell, if misfolded they can cause diseases}What are haploid gametes? {Ans: sperm and egg cells}What are the systemic manifestations of cellular injury? {Ans: fever, leukocytosis, increased heart rate, pain, and serum elevations of enzymes in the plasma}What are the four biochemical themes associated with cell injury? {Ans: (1) ATP depletion, resulting in mitochondrial damage; (2) accumulation of oxygen and oxygen-derived free radicals, causing membrane damage; (3) protein folding defects; and (4) increased intracellular calcium concentration and loss of calcium steady state.}What is oxidative phosphorylation? {Ans: occurs in the mitochondria and is the mechanism by which the energy produced from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins is transferred to ATP.}What are the two categories of intracellular accumulations? {Ans: (1) normal cellular substances, such as water, proteins, lipids, and carbohydrate excesses; and (2) abnormal substances, either endogenous (e.g., from abnormal metabolism) or exogenous (e.g., a virus).}What happens with hypertrophy? {Ans: The amounts of protein in the plasma membrane, ER, microfilaments, and mitochondria increase}What is osteogenesis imperfecta?