Nurs 6501-Advanced Pathophysiology Quiz 1 Questions With 100% Correct Answers.

What are multifactorial traits? {Ans: traits that depend on multiple genes combined with environmental influences}What can result from untreated hyperphenylalaninemia? {Ans: Post-natal growth restriction, moderate-to-severe intellectual disability, recurrent seizures, hypopigmentation, and eczematous skin rashes}What are the three general components of an eukaryotic cell? {Ans: the plasma membrane, the cytoplasm, and the intracellular organelles.}What are the eight specialized cellular functions? {Ans: movement, conductivity, metabolic absorption, secretion, excretion, respiration, reproduction, and communication}What can cause cell injury? {Ans: lack of oxygen (hypoxia), free radicals, caustic or toxic chemicals, infectious agents, inflammatory and immune responses, genetic factors, insufficient nutrients, or physical and mechanical trauma from many causes}What are alleles? {Ans: different versions of the same gene}What can cause a reperfusion injury? {Ans: restoration of oxygen by oxidative stress, increased intracellular calcium concentration, inflammation, and complement activation.}What is active transport? {Ans: requires the cell to expend energy (by means of ATP) to move larger molecules and molecular complexes}What us an alleles? {Ans: slight differences seen in a genes DNA sequence across a population}What are the four abnormalities of chromosome structures? {Ans: deletions, duplications, inversions, and translocations.}Most genetic disorders affect all cells why? {Ans: it