Essay On Desalination And Its Different Methods

DESALINATIONDesalination is the process of removing salts, minerals and contaminants from seawater, brackish water and wastewater effluent. It is the common process of obtaining freshwater for human consumption, agricultural purpose and domestic use. Reason:Water covers about 70% of our planet, but only 3% of that is fresh water and still within that 3%, 2/3rd is not available as it is in the form of ice (glaciers). According to UNICEF’s estimation some 700 million people could be displaced by intense water scarcity by 2030. Thus, Desalination is major to obtain fresh water for our use.Desalination Processes:Thermal Processes -Multiple stage Flash Distillation (MSF)Multiple Effect Distillation (MED)Vapor Compression Evaporation (VC)Solar Water DesalinationMultiple stage Flash Distillation (MSF) - MSF distillation generally processes the seawater by flashing (evaporating) some water to steam through multiple stages of countercurrent heat exchangers. This process involves the distillation through many chambers (multi-stage). Each successive stage of the plant runs progressively at low pressures. As we know, the boiling point of water decreases with the decrease of pressure. The feed water initially is heated at high pressure and passed into the 1st flash chamber. In