Nr 283 Pathophysiology Final Exam Concept Review N/b: Expand The Boxes For A Wider View

lOMoARcPSD|28205643 NR 283 Pathophysiology Final Exam Concept Review N/B: Expand the boxes for a wider viewChapter 17 Gastrointes0nal Final Exam Concept Review Pathophysiology causessigns and Hiatal Hernia sliding or-shortening of the esophagus -weakness of the diaphragm muscles-heartburn/pyrosis (brief substernal burning sensa@on + sour taste) -frequent belching (gas)Complica@on: strangula@onparaesophageal- abdominal pressure (from pregnancy)- discomfort when laying down, bending over, coughingpart of stomach- trauma- dysphagia (esophagus inamma@on/food mass compressprotrudes thoracic cavityesophagus) - persistent, mild, substernal chest pain radiate shoulder/jaw- infec@on by many types of microorganisms (bacteria + viruses)-anorexia, nausea, vomi@ng hematemesis: indicates ulcera@on + bleeding in stomach -epigastric pain/cramps/general discomfort -fever -headache -diarrhea (some w infec@ons)Acute Gastri0s- allergies to foods (shellsh or drugs) - radia@on or chemotherapygastric mucosa is- inges@on of corrosive or toxic substances - excessive EtOH intakeinamed- ASA/ulcerogenic drugs inges@on (esp. on empty stomach)(red + edematous)- inges@on of spicy/irrita@ng foods (hot peppers, if unaccustomed tospicy diet)Chronic Gastri0s-seen in individuals with: abuse alcohol chronic pep@c ulcers-H. pylori, NSAIDs, alcohol, tobacco -autoimmune d/o: pernicious anemia - elderly- mild epigastric discomfortatrophy of stomach- anorexiamucosa w/ loss of- intolerance for certain foods (spicy or faPy foods)secretory glandsPep0c Ulcer Disease (PUD) break or ulcera@on in the protec@ve mucosal lining of the lower esophagus, stomach, or