Biol 1406 Study Guide: Lecture Guide And Exam 1 Review Chapter 2

BIOL 1406 STUDY GUIDE: Lecture guide and Exam 1 review Chapter 2 What is matter and what are elements? What are the 4 most common types of elements in living things? *Matter is anything that takes up space & has mass. *Elements are substances that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions *The four most common elements in living things are Oxygen, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, & Carbon What are the 3 major components of an atom and their respective charges? Neutron (No charge) Proton (positive charge) Electron (Negative Charge)What is atomic mass & how is it measured? What is a dalton? Atomic Mass is the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. It is measured by adding both the protons and neutrons together. A Dalton is a unit of measurement used to calculate atomic mass. **On the periodic table, why is the atomic mass not a whole number?** It is not a whole number because it is accounting for the different isotopes of that element What are isotopes? The different atomic forms of the same element- an element that differs in the # of neutrons present What are electron shells? How do they affect the reactivity of