ELEMENTARY AND HIGH SCHOOL MATHEMATICS: WHAT TEACHERS NEED TO KNOW Peter Kibet Description This e-book addresses the most current perspectives and issues related to elementary and high school mathematics. The purpose of this book is to promote understanding of mathematics. This book will guide teachers to enable them help all elementary and high school learners make sense of mathematics.CHAPTER ONE 1.0 FACTORS AFFECTING MATHEMATICS ACHIEVEMENT 1.1 Introduction In this first lesson, we lay the foundation for the entire course by discussing the factors that affect mathematics achievement. 1.2 Lesson Objectives By the end of this topic, you should be able to: i) Define the terms: mathematics achievement ii) Explain the factors that affect mathematics achievements. iii) Assess equity in mathematics education in Kenya 1.3 Meaning of Mathematics Achievement Measurement of student mathematics achievement refers to student mathematical test scores from Grade 7 to Grade 12, using as dependent variables. The mathematics test contained questions drawn from the fields of basic mathematics, Algebra, Geometry, Quantitative literacy. 1.4 Factors Affecting the Mathematics Achievement As is the case in the past, most people today still believe that mathematics is all about computation. However, computation, for mathematicians, is merely a tool for comprehending structures,