Nationalist Movements in the Middle East Nationalism started appearing in the Middle East after World War I. Arab nationalism began when sharif Hussain declared a coup against Ottoman Empire supported by the United Kingdom. When the Ottoman Empire lost control of the Arab countries; the United Kingdom and France colonized the Arab countries in the Middle East with the Sykes-Picot Agreement. Britain and France declared themselves as a mandate, not as colonization until the Arab countries had the power to protect themselves. Nationalist movements in the middle east after WWI and its highlights on the struggle between Palestine against the united forces of the UK and the Jews. Before World War I the Middle East was under Ottoman Empire control specifically Jordan, Palestine, Syria, Lebanon, Iraq, and parts of Hejaz (Saudi Arabia). The Arabs were not satisfied with the rule of the Ottoman Empire until Sharif Hussein announced the great Arab revolution with the support