Biochem/mo 301 All Questions Intro To Biochemistry

CHAPTERONEBIOCHEMISTRY:ANINTRODUCTION1)Theultimatesourceofenergyforlifeonearthis__________.A)ThesunB)GeothermalheatC)CarbohydratesD)FatsE)OtherorganismsAnsA2)Whichofthefollowingisnotacommoncomponentofbiomolecules?A)CarbonB)HydrogenC)OxygenD)NitrogenE)ChlorineAnsE3)Whichofthefollowingisthebasicstructuralunitoflivingorganisms?A)NucleusB)CellmembraneC)TissueD)CellE)CytoskeletonAnsD4)Whichofthefollowingisnotanorganelle?A)MitochondriaB)ChloroplastC)NucleusD)PlasmamembraneE)GolgicomplexAnsD5)Whichofthefollowingisnotaroleplayedbycarbohydratesinlivingcells?A)EnergysourceB)StructuralsupportC)IntercellularcommunicationD)BothAandBarecorrectE)AllarerolesplayedbycarbohydratesinlivingcellsAnsE6)Metabolismisbestdefinedasthe_________.A)ReactionsoflivingcellsB)ReactionsthatsynthesizelargemoleculesinlivingcellsC)ReactionsthatdegrademoleculesinlivingcellsD)ConversionoffoodmoleculestoenergyE)ReactionsthatsynthesizeanddegrademoleculesinlivingcellsAnsE7)Theaveragelifespanofaspeciesisabout________yearsA) OnemillionB) TenmillionC) FivehundredthousandD) FivemillionE) OnehundredthousandAnsA8)WhichofthefollowingisnotawasteproductoflivingorganismsA)CarbondioxideB)WaterC)UreaD)AmmoniaE)GlycineAnsE9)BiochemistryisdefinedasA)ThestudyoflifeprocessesB)ThestudyofthemolecularbasisoflifeC)ThestudyoflivingorganismsD)ThestudyoforganiccompoundsinlivingorganismsE)ThestudyoflivingcompoundsAnsB10)Oneoftheprincipalmethodsthatorganismsusetoobtainenergyfromchemicalbondsisby___________.A)SubstitutionreactionsB)DehydrationreactionsC)Oxidation/reductionreactionsD)HydrationreactionsE)AdditionreactionsAnsC11)Thefollowingisanexampleofwhichreactionclass?CH3 Br+HSCH2 CH(NH2 )COOH CH3 SCH2 CH(NH2 )COOH+Br +H +A)SubstitutionB)EliminationC)AdditionD)IsomerizationE)Oxidation/ReductionAnsA12)ThefollowingisanexampleofwhichreactionclassHOOCCH=CHCOOH+H2 O HOOCCH2 CH(OH)COOHA)SubstitutionB)EliminationC)AdditionD)IsomerizationE)Oxidation/ReductionAnsC13)Thefollowingisanexampleofwhichreactionclass?CH3 CH2 OH CH3 CHO+H2 OA)SubstitutionB)EliminationC)AdditionD)IsomerizationE)Oxidation/ReductionAnsE14)Whichofthefollowingisnotacomponentofnucleicacid?A)NucleotidesB)GlucoseC)PhosphategroupD)PurinesE)PyrimidinesAnsB15)Thelargestmoleculesinlivingorganismsare_________.A)proteinsB)lipidsC)nucleicacidsD)carbohydratesE)steroidsAnsC16)Allofthefollowingclassesofcompoundsarelipidsexcept_______.A)fatsB)sterolsC)fattyacidsD)phosphoglyceridesE)nucleotidesAnsE17)Whichofthefollowingclassesofbiomoleculesarethemostabundantinnature?A)LipidsB)AminoacidsC)CarbohydratesD)ProteinsE)NucleotidesAnsC18)Considerthefollowingmolecule.Whicharrowispointingtoapeptidebond?A)AB)BC)CD)DE)EAnsC19)Thefollowingmoleculeisanexampleofwhichsingleclassofcompounds?CH3 CH2 CH(NH2 )COOHA)AmineB)AcidC)EsterD)AminoacidE)AlcoholAnsD20)Thefollowingmoleculeisanexampleofwhichclassofcompounds?CH3 CH2 CH2 COOCH2 CH3A)HydrocarbonB)AcidC)EsterD)EtherE)AldehydeAnsC21)Thefollowingmoleculeisanexampleofwhichclassofcompounds?CH3 CH2 CH2 COOHA)HydrocarbonB)AcidC)AlcoholD)AldehydeE)KetoneAnsB22)Thechemicalpropertiesoforganicmoleculesaredeterminedbyspecificarrangementsofatomscalled_____________.A)StructureB)BondsC)FunctionalgroupsD)RadicalsE)MoleculesAnsC23)Whichofthefollowingclassesofcompoundsmakeupmostofthemassofanorganism?A)AminoacidsB)ProteinsC)LipidsD)CarbohydratesE)WaterAnsE24)WhichofthefollowingisnotabasicelementoflifeA) PhosporusB) HydrogenC) NitrogenD) OxygenE) AlloftheabovearebasicelementsoflifeAnsE25)MostbiomoleculescanbeconsideredtobederivativesofA) AminoacidsB) CarbohydratesC) FatsD) HydrocarbonsE) AlcoholsAnsD26)WhichofthefollowingaminoacidscontainahydrophobicsidechainA) LeucineB) ArginineC) GlutamineD) GlutamicacidE) AsparticacidAnsA27)WhichofthefollowingsmallmoleculesdonotforbiopolymersA) AminoacidsB) SugarsC) FattyacidsD) NucleotidesE) CandDAnsC28)ChoosetheaminoacidthatcanfunctionasaneurotransmitterA) GlutamicacidB) AlanineC) TyrosineD) LysineE) CysteineAnsA29)Aconstantsourceof_______isrequiredformaintenanceofacellsorderedstate.A)HeatB)OxygenC)EnergyD)StimulusE)WaterAnsC30)Whichofthefollowingisnottrueoflife?A)LifeiscellularB)LifeisinformationbasedC)LifeiscomplexanddynamicD)AlllivingthingsproduceenergyusingmitochondriaE)LifeadaptsandevolvesAnsD31)ThemostabundantbiomoleculesfoundinnatureareA) AminoacidsB) FattyacidsC) CarbohydratesD) ProteinsE) FatsAnsC32) WhichofthefollowingisnotacomponentofDNAA) UracilB) AdenineC) CytosineD) GuanidineE) ThymineAnsA33)ThesumtotalofallreactionsofaorganismiscalledA) LifeB) MetabolismC) BiosynthesisD) AnabolismE) EnergeticsAnsB34) Whichofthefollowingisnotcharacteristicofanautopoieticsystem?A)AutonomousB)SelforganizingC)SelfmaintainingD)IntelligentE)BandDAnsD35)Theassumptionthatacompleteunderstandingofalivingorganismcanbeobtainedsolelybyinvestigatingallofitscomponentsiscalled_________.A)SystemsbiologyB)ReductionismC)EmergenceD)RobustnessE)FeedbackcontrolAnsB36) Whichofthefollowingisnotacoreprincipleofsystemsbiology?A)EmergenceB)RobustnessC)RedundancyD)ModularityE)LimitofresolutionAnsE37) Thefieldofstudyassociatedwiththeinvestigationofgeneexpressionpatternsiscalled:A)ProteomicsB)BioinformaticsC)GenomicsD)FunctionalgenomicsE)SynomicsAnsD38)Whichofthefollowingisnotanexampleofamacromolecule?A)NucleicacidB)ProteinC)PolysaccharideD)EnzymeE)AminoacidAnsE39)Whichofthefollowingisnotconsideredaclassofsmallbiomolecule?A)AminoacidB)SugarC)NucleicAcidD)FattyacidE)NucleotideAnsC40) Thefunctionalgrouppresentinthefollowingmoleculeiscalled:A)AmineB)KetoneC)AmideD)EsterE)AcidAnsC41)ThemajorityofEarthsspeciesbelongtowhichofthefollowingclassificationsA) EukaryotesB) ProkaryotesC) VirusesD) MammalsE) ArcheaAnsB42)Theconversionofearthsatmospherefromanerobictoaerobicwasduetothedevelopmentof_________________bycyanobacteriaA) PhotosynthesisB) MetabolismC) ChemosynthesisD) OxidationofironE) FixationofnitrogenascyanideAnsA43)ThelargestmassextinctionalsoknownasthegreatdyingwascalledtheA) CenezoicextinctionB) PermianextinctionC) MesozoiceventD) GreaticeageE) ThegreatplagueAnsB44)ThemostprominentfunctionofRNAisA) EnergysourceB) NutrientsourceC) ProteinsynthesisD) StructuralelementsE) BandCAnsC45)AnorganismsentiresetofDNAiscalledA) GenomeB) GeneticsequenceC) PolynucleotidesequenceD) GeneE) InheritanceAnsA46)ThemajorfunctionofcarbohydratesisA) CatalystsandstructuralelementsB) EnergysourcesandstructuralelementsC) GeneticinformationD) ProteinsynthesisE) InsulationAnsBCHAPTERTWOLIVINGCELLS1)DuringexocytosismembraneboundvesiclesmigratefromtheGolgiapparatustothe__________.A)LysosomeB)SmoothendoplasmicreticulumC)CellwallD)PlasmamembraneE)MorethanoneansweriscorrectAnsD2)Notablefeaturesofeukaryotesincludeallofthefollowingexcept________.A)RapidcelldivisionB)LargersizeC)AcomplexinternalstructureD)AnendomembranesystemE)OrganellesAnsA3)Gramnegativebacterialack_________.A)CellwallsB)PeptidoglycansinthecellwallC)AnoutercoatoflipidboundproteinsD)DNAE)CarbohydratecontainingpolymersinthecellwallAnsE4)Theplasmamembrane_________.A)ProvidessupportB)IspresentonlyineukaryotesC)ControlstheflowofsubstancesinandoutofthecellD)IspresentonlyinprokaryotesE)BothAandCarecorrectAnsE5)Structuralfeaturesthatmakephospholipidssuitedfortheirbiologicalroleare:A)AhydrophilicheadgroupB)BranchedcarbonchainsC)AhydrophobicgroupD)AandCarecorrectE)NoneoftheabovearetrueAnsD6)Thegrainyappearanceofprokaryoticcytoplasmisdueinpartto________.A)AlargenumberofribosomesB)PlasmidsC)NucleolusD)DNAE)RNAAnsA7)WhichofthefollowingtypesofmoleculesisnothydrophilicA) SodiumchlorideB) GlucoseC) AminoacidsD) FatsE) AandBAnsD8)Thebasicstructureofbiologicalmembranesisprovidedbywhatclassofcompounds?A)ProteinsB)LipidsC)CarbohydratesD)SteroidsE)PeptidoglycansAnsB9)Whichofthefollowingisnottrueofthenucleus?A)ItisfoundinbotheukaryotesandprokaryotesB)ItcontainsthecellsgeneticblueprintC)ItexertsaprofoundinfluenceoverallcellularmetabolicfunctionsD)ItcontainschromatinfibersE)ItisboundedbymembraneAnsA10)Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrueoftheendoplasmicreticulum?A)ItoftenconstitutesmorethanhalfofthecellstotalmembraneB)Itexistsintwoforms:roughandsmoothC)RoughERisresponsibleforproteinsynthesisD)SmoothERisresponsibleforlipidsynthesisE)RoughERribosomesareresponsibleforbiotransformation.AnsE11)Whichofthefollowingisnottrueofeukaryoticribosomes?A)TheyaremacromolecularmachinesB)TheyfunctioninthebiosynthesisofproteinsC)TheycontainribosomalRNAD)TheyconsistoftwounequallysizedsubunitsE)TheyareattachedtothesmoothERAnsE12)WhichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrueoftheGolgiapparatus?A)TheanalogousplantstructureisreferredtoasadictyosomeB)IthastwofacesC)ThecisternaorformingfaceusuallyprojectstowardtheERD)ItisinvolvedinthepackagingandsecretionofcellproductsE)ItisusuallylocatedneartheplasmamembraneAnsE13)Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrueofthelysosome?A)ItfunctionsinintercellulardigestionB)BothERandGolgiapparatusareinvolvedinitsformationC)ItiscapableofdegradingmostbiomoleculesD)ItisinvolvedinthepackagingandsecretionofcellproductsE)ItisinvolvedinpathologicalconditionssuchasgoutandrheumatoidarthritisAnsD14)Acidhydrolasesarefoundin___________.A)RibosomesB)LysosomesC)GolgiApparatusD)DictyosomesE)SmoothERAnsB15)Themainroleofperoxisomesis_____________.A)AnaerobicrespirationB)AerobicrespirationC)LipidoxidationD)GenerationanddestructionofperoxidesE)CarbohydrateoxidationAnsD16)BiologicalmachinesarederivedfromwhichclassofcompoundsA) FatsB) ProteinsC) CarbohydratesD) RibosomesE) BandCAnsB17)Whichofthefollowingorganellesisinvolvedinaerobicmetabolism?A)MitochondriaB)PeroxisomesC)GlyoxysomesD)RibosomesE)LysosomesAnsA18)Respiratoryassembliesareresponsibleforthesynthesisof___________.A)ATPB)NADHC)GTPD)HydrogenperoxideE)ADPAnsA19)Thetwomembranesofthemitochondriacreatetwoseparatecompartmentscalledtheintermembranespaceandthe__________.A)CristaeB)MatrixC)LumenD)CisternaeE)VesicleAnsB20)Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrueofthemitochondrialmatrix?A)ItcontainsenzymesresponsiblefornucleotidemetabolismB)ItcontainscircularDNAmoleculesC)ItcontainsallofthenecessarycompoundsforproteinsynthesisD)IthasagellikeconsistencyE)IthasahighconcentrationofenzymesandionsAnsA21)Theexcludedvolumeofacellvariesbetween_____and______%.A)510B)1020C)2040D)4050E)05AnsC22)Plastidsareplantstructuressimilartowhatorganellefoundinanimals?A)RibosomesB)LeucoplastsC)GolgiapparatusD)PeroixsomesE)NoneoftheaboveiscorrectAnsE23)Thestromaofplastidsisanalogoustowhatstructureofmitochondria?A)GranaB)MatrixC)InnermembraneD)OutermembraneE)CisternalspaceAnsB24)Whichofthefollowinghelpmakeupthecytoskeleton?A)MicrotubulesB)MicrofilamentsC)IntermediatefibersD)BandCarecorrectE)AllarecorrectAnsE25)Mitochondriaand_________consumemolecularoxygen.A)PlastidsB)RibosomesC)PeroxisomesD)LysosomeE)GolgiapparatusAnsC26)Whichofthefollowingispresentonlyinprokaryoticcells?A)NucleusB)EndoplasmicreticulumC)PlasmamembraneD)NucleolusE)NoneoftheaboveiscorrectAnsE27)Biotransformationisdefinedas:A)ThepreparationofwaterinsolublesubstancesforexcretionB)OxidationoforganicmoleculesC)TransformationoffoodmoleculestoATPD)ReactionsoccuringwithinalivingsystemE)ConversionofharmlesscompoundstotoxinsAnsA28)Inplaceofanucleusaprokaryoticcellhasa__________.A)MesosomeB)NucleoidC)CentrosomeD)NucleosomeE)ReticulosomeAnsB29)Whichofthefollowingeukaryoticorganellesisakeyregulatorofapoptosis?A)MitochondriaB)FlagellaC)ChloroplastsD)CiliaE)RibosomesAnsA30)Whichofthefollowingisnotaroleoftransmembraneproteins?A)TransportofionsB)StructuralsupportC)TransportofnutrientsD)ReceptorsE)EnzymesAnsB31)Whichofthefollowingisnotamembraneprotein?A)ChannelproteinB)CarrierproteinC)ReceptorsD)IntegralproteinsE)MotorproteinsAnsE32)Examplesofeukaryoticsignalmoleculesare:A)NeurotransmittersB)HormonesC)CytokinesD)BothAandBarecorrectE)AlloftheabovearecorrectAnsE33)Whichofthefollowingisnotaphaseoftheinformationprocessingmechanism?A)ReceptionB)TransductionC)ResponseD)TransformationE)BothAandCarecorrectAnsD34)Whichofthefollowingisnotacomponentoftheendomembranesystem?A)PlasmamembraneB)EndoplasmicreticulumC)GolgiapparatusD)LysosomesE)RibosomesAnsE35)Thecarbohydratecoatofacelliscalledthe:A)ExtracellularmatrixB)GlycocalyxC)CellcortexD)FibroblastE)BothAandCarecorrectAnsB36)Theperinuclearspaceis:A)ThespacebetweenthenucleusandthecytoplasmB)ThespacebetweenthemembranesofthenuclearenvelopeC)ThespacebetweenthenucleusandthenucleousD)ThespacebetweenDNAandhistonesE)BothAandBarecorrectAnsB37)Whichofthefollowingorganellesareinvolvedinautophagy?A)MitochondriaB)LysosomesC)ChloroplastsD)GolgiapparatusE)BothBandCarecorrectAnsB38)Whichofthefollowingmoleculesisnotanexampleofatypeofeukaryoticsignalmoleculetype?A) NeurotransmittersB) HormonesC) CytokininsD) EndotoxinsE) AandBAnsD39)Ofthe100approximatelytrillionfreelivingcellsinthehumanbodyhowmanyareactuallyhumancells?A) AllofthemB) 50TrillionC) 90TrillionD) 10TrillionE) 80TrillionAnsD40)AnalysisoftheRNAofprokaryotesrevealsthatthereare______distincttypesofprokaryotes.A) OneB) TwoC) ThreeD) FourE) FiveAnsB41)WhichofthefollowingaremicrobiotaA) BacteriaB) FungiC) ArcheaD) AandBE) A,BandCAnsE42)WhichofthefollowingaretechniquesusedbythebodytoprotectitselfagainstindigenousmicobiotaA) ImpenetrableepithelialtissueB) ImmunesystemcellsC) AntimicrobialproteinsD) BetadefensinsE) AlloftheaboveAnsE43)WhichofthefollowingisasuperorganismA) StreptococcusB) LactobacillusC) HomoSapiensD) CorynebacteriumE) KlebsiellaAnsC44)TheendocytoticcycleisA) AmeansofremodelingplasmamembraneB) AformasignaltransductionC) CyclingofsodiumandpotassiumionsthroughthecellmembraneD) ContinuousrecyclingofmembranethroughendocytosisandexocytosisE) AandDAnsACHAPTERTHREEWATERTHEMATRIXOFLIFE1)Themostimportantfactorintheevolutionoflifeonearthis_______.A)ThesunB)OxygenC)WaterD)DrylandE)AreducingatmosphereAnsC2)Ahydrogenbondisbestdefinedas:A)AstrongchemicalbondbetweenhydrogenandanotherelementB)AweakchemicalbondbetweenhydrogenandanotherelementC)ArelativelystrongelectrostaticbondbetweenhydrogenandoxygenornitrogenD)AweakelectrostaticbondbetweenhydrogenandoxygenornitrogenE)AbondbetweentwohydrogensAnsC3)Whichofthefollowingcompoundsiscapableofhydrogenbondingwithlikemolecules?A)CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH3B)CH3 CH2 OCH2 CH3C)CH3 NH2D)HOCH2 CH2 OHE)BothCandDarecorrectAnsE4)WhichofthefollowingisnotatypeofvanderWaalsforce?A)DipoledipoleinteractionsB)DipoleinduceddipoleinteractionsC)Induceddipole-induceddipoleinteractionsD)ChemicalbondsE)HydrogenbondsAnsD5)Whichofthefollowingisnotanexampleofnoncovalentinteractionsbetweenmolecules?A)SaltbridgesB)HydrogenbondsC)HydrophobicinteractionsD)IonicbondsE)ChemicalbondsAnsE6)Whichofthefollowingfactorsisresponsibleforthefactthatwaterisaliquidatroomtemperature?A)CovalentOHbondsB)IonicbondsC)HydrogenbondsD)HydrophobicbondingbetweenwatermoleculesE)ThemolecularweightofwaterAnsC7)Whichofthefollowingpropertiesofwaterpromotestherelativelyconstantclimateofearth?A)HighheatoffusionB)HighsurfacetensionC)HighheatofvaporizationD)HighheatcapacityE)A,C,andDareallimportantAnsE8)Whichofthefollowingcompoundsisamphipathic?A)H2 OB)CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH3C)HOOCCOOHD)CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 COOHE)BothAandDarecorrectAnsD9)Whichofthefollowingisahydroniumion?A)H3 O +B)OH C)HOOHD)CH3 OH2 +E)H4 O ++AnsA10)Whichofthefollowingistheconjugateacidofthebicarbonateion?A)B)C)D)E)AnsB11)Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofweakacidsdissolvedinwater?A)TheyarecompletelyionizedinwaterB)TheyaretotallyunionizedinwaterC)TheyarepartiallyionizedinwaterD)ThedissociationconstantisafunctionofpHE)ThedissociationconstantisafunctionofsoluteconcentrationAnsC12)WhatisthepHofasolutionwheretheconcentrationofhydrogenionsis2x10 5molar?A)5B)2.5C)2D)4.7E)5.3AnsD13)Whichofthefollowingwouldnotformasuitablebuffer?A)Aceticacid/acetateB)Carbonicacid/bicarbonateC)Bicarbonate/carbonateD)Hydrochloricacid/chlorideE)Phosphoricacid/dihydrogenphosphateAnsD14)Bufferingcapacityisdirectlyproportionaltowhichofthefollowingfactors?A) MolecularweightofthebufferB)ConcentrationoftheconjugateacidofthebufferC)ConcentrationoftheconjugatebaseofthebufferD)ConcentrationofbothcomponentsofthebufferE)TheacidorbasetobebufferedagainstAnsD15) Thesodiumacetate/aceticacidbufferis0.1molarinsodiumacetateand0.5molarinaceticacid.Whatistheconcentrationofthebuffer?A)0.1molarB)0.5molarC)0.6molarD)0.4molarE)EitherAorBdependingonwhetheracidorbaseisbeingaddedtothebuffer.AnsC16)ThepHofasolutionthatis0.25molarinaceticacidand0.1molarinsodiumacetateis4.36.WhatisthepKaofaceticacid?A)4.36B)4.76C)7.76D)3.76E)5.76AnsB17)Themostimportantbufferinbloodis__________.A)Carbonate/bicarbonatebufferB)ProteinbufferC)PhosphatebufferD)LactatebufferE)TartratebufferAnsA18)Whenanindividualbreathesveryrapidly,largeamountsofcarbondioxideareexhaled.WhateffectdoesthishaveonbloodpH?A)AcidosisB)AlkalosisC)NochangeD)FirstacidosisthenreboundingalkalosisE)FirstalkalosisthenreboundingacidososAnsB19)Saltbridgesinproteinsareanexampleof_________.A)HydrogenbondsB)IonicinteractionsC)HydrophobicinteractionsD)vanderWaalsforcesE)LondondispersionforcesAnsB20)Whatistheosmorlarityofasolutionthatis0.25molarintrisodiumphosphate?A)0.25osmolarB)0.5osmolarC)0.75osmolarD)1.0osmolarE)NoneoftheabovearecorrectAnsD21)Redbloodcellsareisotonictoasolutionthatis0.9%sodiumchloride.Thesesamecellsare_______________toasolutionthatis0.9%sodiumsulfate.A)IsotonicB)HypertonicC)HypotonicD)TonicE)NontonicAnsC22)Whichofthefollowingmoleculeswouldhaveadipolemoment?A)CCl4B)CH3 CH3C)H2D)CHCl3E)I2AnsD23)Whichofthefollowingmoleculeswouldformamicelle?A)NaClB)CH3 COOHC)CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH3D)H3 PO4E)CH3 (CH2 )10 COO Na +AnsE24)Whichofthefollowingmoleculesareweakacids?A)HClB)CO3 2C)HNO3D)HCO3 E)BothBandDAnsD25)Whichofthefollowingionswouldhavethelargesthydrationsphere?A)Li +B)Na +C)K +D)Cs