Nur 2063 Exam 2 Pathophysiology Blueprint Summer 2020

To study, know the pathogenesis, etiology (big risk factors), clinical manifestations, and treatment implications for each. Pay attention to what is on the weekly powerpoint slides and the live lectures related to the topics below.Week 4Chapter 36Stomatitis - will not be on exam- good to know for futureDysphagiaPathoo difficulty in swallowingo Inability to initiate swallowingo Sensation that swallowed solids/liquids stick in esophaguso Pain with swallowing (odynophagia) may occurType I: problems in delivery of food/fluid into esophaguso Causes R/T neuromuscular incoordination/disorders Normal sequence is altered or absent.o Clinical manifestations May cough and expel the ingested food/fluids Aspirate when attempting to swallow Worse with liquids than solidsType II: problems in transport of bolus down esophagus o Causes Outpouchings of one or more layers (diverticula) Disorder of smooth muscle function (achalasia) Structural interference of esophageal peristaltic activity (neoplasms, strictures) Abnormal peristaltic activityo Clinical manifestations Sensation food is stuck behind sternum. Initially with solid food, may progress to liquidsType III: problems in bolus entry into stomacho Causes Lower esophageal dysfunction or lesion obstructiono Clinical manifestations Tightness or pain in substernal area during swallowing processGastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)Pathoo Backflow of gastric contents into esophagus through LESo Inflammation caused by reflux of highly acidic material (esophagitis)o