NameCourseTutor’s NameDateThe History of AfricaMany kingdoms have existed in Africa with a lot of gifts, becoming sources traditional African history as the following examples show. The kingdom of Kanem-Bornowas located in the Lake Chad was instrumental for the spread of Islam in Africa.N’gazargmu the capital of Borno was a major Islamic Centre. World longest dynasty of Saifawa started in this kingdom around 915CE. Its early occupants were pastoralist. The kings known as Mais were rarely seen in public. Its power was however consolidated by morocco when king Idris died in 1617. The kingdom traded in kola, ivory, gold andslaves. The kingdom had broken up by the 17th century due to disputes and succession battles and capture by dictator Rabih.Movement of the Saifawa dynasty to the south created the Hausa states, presently Nigeria. These villages protected themselves by living behind walls and practiced farming. Hausa states formed from merging of villages in order to create large settlements necessary for security. Several cities such as Gobir, Katsina and Kano were founded by Hausa due to the effects of Tras-saharan trade involving iron making,cotton-weaving, cloth-dying,copper and silver markets among others.zaria was another important city famous for slave trade for export to Borno,