AANP FNP: ADULT EENT > EENT Flashcards Exam 2024-2025 latest version questions and accurate answers Q1 What can AV nicking on fundoscopic exam signify? A Hypertension 2 Q Inspection of the macula A patient should look directly into the light if macula is difficult to visualize Centered 2-2.5 disc diameters temporal to the optic disc; avascular Fovea centralis is a reflective area that looks darker and lies in the middle of the macula (Fovea centralis controls ones sharpest vision) 3 Q Hyperopia A Farsightedness Hard to see close 4Q Myopia A Nearsightedness Hard to see far away 5 Q Presbyopia A Common after age 40; difficulty maintaining clear focus at a near distance due to weakening and less flexibility in the lens 6 Q Arcus sinilis A Cloudy appearance of cornea with gray/white/blue arc or circle around the limbis due to deposition of lipid material; no effect on vision Check lipid panel 7 Q Ptergyium A Raised, wedge-shaped growth of thin, noncancerous tissue over the conjunctiva Often occurs with repeated exposure to wind, dry air 8Q Hordeolum vs Chalazion A Usually caused by staph aureas Hordeolum- acute, painful Chalazion- beady nodule, painless, insidious 9 Q Blepharitis A Red, scale, greasy