Va Bc Section 3 Study Guide Questions And Correct Answers

Causes of nerve injury: {Ans: -nerve contact with insertion needle, guide wire or catheter -temporary nerve irritation with prolonged positioning of arm during insertion}Skin prep used for CVAD insertion {Ans: --alcoholic CHG >0.5% antiseptic applied with friction --1% or 2% tincture of iodine --iodophors --70% alcohol}What is a thrombotic occlusion in CVAD? {Ans: accumulation of clotted blood in the lumen of the catheter}Causes of insertion related tip malposition: {Ans: --misdirection of CVADon insertion --aberrant vasculature --stenosis/thrombosis --pacemaker/AICD --venospasm --insertion too long or too short --increased intrathoracic pressure --patient on vent --coughing --forceful flushing --CHF --pulmonary hypertension}Lipid precipitate/fat emulsions occlusions may be treated with ? {Ans: 70% ethanol (ethyl alcohol)}symptoms and risk of infiltration and extravasation {Ans: swelling pain induration erythema warmth tissue necrosis}