How do Sustainalytics define materiality within the ESG risk rating? {Ans: Issues that may potentially have a substantial impact on the economic value of a company. Explanation Sustainalytics define an issue to be material within the ESG risk rating if its presence or absence in financial reporting is likely to influence the decisions made by a reasonable investor, through having the potential to substantial impact on the economic value of the company and, hence, the financial risk and return profile of an investor investing in the company.}In which of the following countries or regions do companies typically have unitary boards? {Ans: France. Explanation A two-tier board structure is seen in Germany, the Netherlands, Scandinavia and (at least formally) China. Single-tier (also called unitary) boards are more typical of the UK, the USA, Japan, France and most of the rest of the world.}Which of the following ESG service providers does not produce company ESG ratings? {Ans: Real Impact Tracker. Explanation Real Impact Tracker (RIT) undertakes due diligence on manager assessments rather than companies. Its 'certified community' is publicly available with details of the assessment undertaken. RIT will weight culture, philosophy, process impact and public policy efforts rather than