Development refers to ____. Outline some of the influencing factors. {Ans: -the progression of physical, psychosocial and cognitive capacities over the human lifespan. -It is influenced by biological and environmental influences}Freud Stage 1: Oral Stage. Describe and outline application to nursing {Ans: 12-18mos explore with mouth & sucking Application: for infant, sucking produces comfort and promotes self-regulation. Teach parents that feedings should be offered whenever the infant requires them. Encourage parents to help their child self-soothe with their hands}Describe the physiological, functional, cognitive and psychosocial processes that occur with growth and development of the older adult. {Ans: }Describe the functional changes that occur w/ G&D of older adult {Ans: -functional changes occur as a result of a decline in physical, psychological, cognitive and social capacities -for many older adults, because of declines in physical, psychological, cognitive and social capacities, they may not cope well with these changes leading to loss of function (ie. prematurely limiting activity, or deny the changes and continue to expect the same performance) -Application to nursing: educate older adults on age-related changes, appropriate lifestyle adjustments & coping measures.}How does Erikson's theory of development operate? {Ans: -A person goes through a series