317 Final Exam Questions With Complete Solutions

TPN Nursing considerations {Ans: Change tubing daily Minimal access to parenteral IV line Monitor I&O daily Monitor weight daily Monitor blood insulin and administer insulin as needed Monitor for signs and symptoms of infection Monitoring of nutritional status/needs with Metabolic laboratory serum monitoring}common catheter sizes {Ans: Most adults: 14-16 French infants: ~5 French Children: ~8-10 French 1 French=0.33 mm}Complications of Total Parenteral Nutrition: Vascular Problems {Ans: -infiltration: administration on non vesicant solution or medication into surrounding tissue (edema, leaking, discomfort/coolness, decreased IV flow -extravasation: inadvertent administration of vesicant solution or medication into surrounding tissues(pain,stinging at site, erythema, blistering, inflammation, necrosis of tissue -Phlebitis: inflammation of a vein related to chemical or mechanical irritation (reddened along vein, warm, tender) -air embolism}fluid overload {Ans: •Patients with cardiopulmonary disease and infants are at risk of volume overload especially during rapid transfusion •Signs and symptoms •Sudden dsypnea, tachypnea, tachycardia, chest discomfort, distended neck veins, crackles and rales, restlessness, sudden increase in blood pressure, and S3}IV Site Assessment {Ans: prior to administration of any fluid or medication IV the insertion site must be assessed for patency infiltration and phlebitis. -examine the IV site for redness and swelling -if finding none