Exam #2 Question&answer

Which of the following medications may be used to treat partial seizures? (Select all that apply.) 1. phenytoin (Dilantin) 2. valproic acid (Depakene) 3. diazepam (Valium) 4. carbamazepine (Tegretol) 5. ethosuxamide (Zarontin) {Ans: Answers 1, 2, and 4. Rationale: The phenytoin-like drugs including phenytoin (Dilantin), vampiric acid (Depakene), and carbamazepine (Tegretol) are used to treat partial seizures. Option 3 and 5 are incorrect. Diazepam (Valium) is a benzodiazepine that is used to treat tonic-clonic seizures and status epilepticus. Ethosuximide (Zarontin) is used in the control of generalized seizures such as absence seizures.}Prior to discharge, the nurse plans for patient teaching related to side effects of phenothiazines to the patient, family, or caregiver. Which of the following should be included? 1. The patient may experience withdrawal and slowed activity. 2. Severe muscle spasms may occur early in the therapy. 3. Tardive dyskinesia is likely early in therapy. 4. Medications should be taken as prescribed to prevent adverse effects. {Ans: Answer 2. Rationale: Acute dystopias, or severe muscle spasms, particularly of the back, neck, face, or tongue, may occur within hours or days of the first dose of a phenothiazine drug and should be reported immediately. Options 1, 3, and