Mcat Organic Chemistry Questions And Answers 100% Verified A+ Guaranteed

Observed Rotation {Ans: Gives the direction and degree to which a compound rotates the electric field in plane-polarized light.}Diastereomers {Ans: Stereoisomers that are not mirror images (are not the same compound). Can be separated by physical means (crystallization). Geometric isomer: special type of diastereomer, have different physical properties. - Cis: has dipole moment -> strong intermolecular forces so has high boiling point; lower symmetry does not form crystals as easily so has lower melting point; has steric hindrance so has higher heats of combustion. - Trans: no dipole moment - lower boiling point, higher melting point, lower heats of combustion. --> better to use E (Opposite) and Z (same)}Glycosidic Linkages {Ans: The linkages between the anomeric C of one sugar with any of the hydroxyl groups of another sugar. Three common bonding arrangements: 1,4' link 1,6' link 1,1' link Where the numbers refer to the carbon numbers on the sugars (carbonyl C is 1). Broken via hydrolysis. Without enzyme, broken down slowly by water. -> Animals do not posses the enzyme to break down the β-1,4' glucosidic linkage in cellulose. -> Some adult humans lack the enzyme to break down the β-1,4' galactosidic linkage in lactose (lactose